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CPD Rules

The CPD rules for barristers and the rules for solicitors outline the types of professional development activities you can undertake and earn CPD points for. The CPD Rules were developed by the national professional associations, the Law Council of Australia and the Australian Bar Association and approved as Uniform Rules by the Legal Services Council.  Under the Uniform Law we are responsible for regulating compliance with the CPD Rules.  We have delegated some functions associated with CPD compliance to the Law Institute of Victoria (for Solicitors) and the Victorian Bar (for barristers).

The CPD Rules for solicitors and barristers are slightly different so please ensure you are familiar with the CPD Rules that apply to you. If you change roles during the CPD year to become a barrister or vice versa, please see our CPD Policy.

In general, each activity must:

  • be of significant intellectual or practical content and be related to the practice of law;
  • be conducted by a person suitably qualified with practical or academic experience in the subject matter (not necessarily a lawyer); and
  • extend your knowledge and skills relevant to your practice or career development.

The Rules explain that you must complete 10 CPD units in each CPD year, including at least one CPD unit in each of the following fields:

  • ethics and professional responsibility
  • practice management and business skills;
  • professional (or barristers’) skills; and
  • substantive law (which includes practice, procedure and evidence for barristers).

Exemptions and pro-rata units of CPD

If you did not hold a practising certificate for the entire CPD year you only need to complete CPD units for the time you held a practising certificate. If you were unable to complete 10 units of CPD for other reasons you may be able to apply for an exemption. See our exemptions page for more information on pro-rata CPD and applying for an exemption.

CPD activity

There are a range of options for completing CPD. For a more rewarding experience, we encourage you to pre-plan at least some of your CPD and try different formats and delivery modes. You can:

  • participate in a lecture, seminar, workshop, discussion group or other educational activity – either in person or online
  • research, prepare and/or edit a legal article
  • prepare and/or present a CPD activity
  • be a member of a legal committee, taskforce or practice section, if the work is of substantial significance to the practice of law and assists your professional development
  • undertake postgraduate studies relevant to your practice needs
  • undertake private study of audio/visual materials if it is specifically designed to update your knowledge and/or skills relevant to your practice needs. See below for more information.

CPD limits

For solicitors, there are some limits to the number of hours you can do for each activity. Please see the table below:

CPD activity Points of activity Limits that apply for solicitors
Participate in a lecture, seminar, workshop or discussion group, in person or online (see note below) 1 point per hour of activity No limits
Research, prepare and/or edit a legal article or law report 1 point per 1,000 words No more than 5 CPD points per year
Prepare and/or present a CPD activity 1 point per hour of activity No more than 5 CPD points per year
Participate in  a legal committee, taskforce or practice section 1 point per 2 hours of activity No more than 3 CPD points per year
Postgraduate studies relevant to the practice of law or practice needs 1 point per hour of activity No limits
Private study of audio/visual materials (see below) 1 point per hour of activity No more than 5 CPD points per year

 

Private study of audio/visual material 

Private study of audio/visual material is passive, i.e. it’s study that doesn’t offer any opportunity for participant interaction with the material, e.g. watching a recorded seminar, lecture or presentation. This is capped at 5 hours.

Online interactive audio/visual offers participants the opportunity to interact, or requires interaction with, CPD material because it involves things like: 

  • Real-time discussion among participants in ‘break-out’ rooms
  • A chat function or other facility to ask questions or post comments during an online seminar
  • Quizzes, tests and polls to test your existing knowledge of a topic, comprehension of the material being discussed, and/or ability to apply concepts in practice
  • Scenarios that require you to choose from various options in order to proceed.

This type of activity has no limits.

The Victorian Bar and the Law Institute of Victoria also have valuable information and resources about CPD on their websites.

You must keep a record of all the CPD activities you complete for at least three years.

LIV accredited specialisation

The Law Institute of Victoria Accreditation Specialisation program can also be completed as part of your CPD for a total of 10 points. The program is a sector led certification that demonstrates a high level of theoretical knowledge that is practically applied in day-to-day matters. Accredited Specialisation is a peer founded, self-directed, non-syllabus-based program for experienced lawyers. Lawyers need to demonstrate superior knowledge, experience and proficiency in a particular area of law to become an accredited specialist, and need to maintain their accreditation. Becoming a specialist sets practitioners apart as an expert in their field, providing a definitive mark of excellence for peers and clients. Currently the program accredits over 1,100 specialists across 16 areas of law.

Practice Management Course

For solicitors intending to become a principal of a law practice or commence as a sole practitioner, undertaking a practice management course is highly recommended. Successful completion is a way to demonstrate you have the rights skills and expertise to be granted your first principal practising certificate.  The course is also recommended if you are already a principal or sole practitioner and want to refresh and update your skills. Successful completion will allow you to meet all your CPD obligations for the year of completion.

CPD Policy

Our policy provides further guidance to assist you to meet your obligations under the CPD Rules and ensures consistency and clarity for our delegates, the LIV and the Bar.

This policy is divided into three areas:

  • Part A: Compliance with CPD Rules.
  • Part B: Monitoring compliance with CPD Rules.
  • Part C: Responding to non-compliance with CPD Rules.

CPD reporting

When you apply to renew your practising certificate, you must declare whether you’ve met your CPD obligations for the CPD year. The CPD year runs from 1 April through to 31 March of the following year.  If your circumstances change during the year and you are concerned you may have difficulty complying with your obligations, you may qualify for an exemption. 

If you haven’t met your obligations at the time of making the declaration, you should provide details of any exemptions granted to you, or include any rectification plan to make up your CPD, with your renewal application.

See our sections on exemptions and making up for missed CPD.

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About CPD in Victoria

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The purpose of CPD

Continuing professional development (CPD) obligations are intended to ensure that lawyers are continually updating and improving their skills and knowledge in order to maintain the quality of the service expected by, and delivered to, their clients and the community.

High quality legal service is of central importance when it comes to maintaining the public’s trust and confidence in the legal profession, which in turn supports the maintenance of the rule of law.

Your focus should be on good learning and development outcomes, rather than on compliance as an aim in itself. Taking the time to reflect on your development needs and plan for the year can help you choose CPD activities that go beyond meeting your obligations and are more relevant to your current practice or career aspirations.

We encourage you to explore the many and varied educational opportunities offered by your professional associations, government authorities and departments, courts, law firms, legal education providers, universities and others. Try different ways of learning and connecting with your peers such as joining a discussion group, write a legal article or participate in a legal committee or law reform taskforce.

How it works

If you hold a current practising certificate, you need to complete 10 points of CPD activities each year with at least one point in each of the following four fields:

  • ethics and professional responsibility
  • practice management and business skills
  • professional skills
  • substantive law.

Find out more about your CPD obligations.

The CPD year runs from 1 April through to 31 March of the following year.

What you need to do

When you renew your practising certificate each year you must declare to us that you have met your CPD obligations.

We expect that you will undertake meaningful professional development and keep records that can be easily produced to demonstrate your attendance or participation.

It is your responsibility to ensure the CPD you choose meets your obligations under the CPD Rules.  Although we are responsible for ensuring compliance with the rules, we do not accredit CPD providers or determine whether CPD courses are suitable for your particular professional needs.

If at any stage during the CPD year you think you may not be able to meet your obligations (for example you may anticipate taking parental leave), act early as you may qualify for an exemption.

Each year the Victorian Bar and the Law Institute of Victoria carry out audits of lawyers’ CPD compliance on our behalf. Find out more about exemptions, audits and making up for missed CPD.

CPD Review

Our review into CPD in Victoria was released on 25 November 2020. The report, ‘Getting the Point?  Review of Continuing Professional Development for Victorian Lawyers’ makes 28 recommendations to improve CPD to enable the legal profession to have meaningful, relevant and accessible learning opportunities that enrich the quality of legal services provided to the Victorian community. 

Read more about the review and report, including the guidance released in May 2021 for CPD providers.

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Continuing professional development (CPD)

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Policy

Operational Guidance: Complaints by lawyers about lawyers

Our operational guidance on how we deal with complaints by lawyers about lawyers

Complaints about lawyers by lawyers

We often receive complaints by lawyers about the behaviour of other lawyers who they engage with in the course of legal practice. Some of the issues raised in these complaints do not warrant our intervention. Others could or should have been resolved between the lawyers directly. 

We have outlined below the types of complaints we may investigate and those we are unlikely to consider. Please read the full operational guideline for detailed information on complaints by lawyers about lawyers here.

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Innovation in pricing

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There is a lot more to pricing legal services than billing according to the hourly rate, and evidence suggests that there are significant benefits to alternative pricing models. 

Issues with traditional legal services pricing

Our observations from complaints and auditing indicate that many lawyers perform their services in the traditional way: one-to-one, charged at the hourly rate rather than at an agreed or value-based price, with little standardisation or use of technology to increase efficiency. This way of practice is ‘normal’, but it may contribute to a number of bad outcomes. Time billing can be the root cause of much customer dissatisfaction, including uncertainty around pricing, and the inefficiency of the service. This business model can also impair the profitability and productivity of a law practice. For example, US data indicates that such law practices suffer from what is known as ‘cost disease’, which increases the price of services to clients, and severely limits the productivity of lawyers.  As a lawyer is selling their time, they do not have an incentive to save time and be more efficient. They experience the stress of having to take time out of billable hours to work on the business, which leads to very long work hours. Anecdotally, we believe that to be the case in Australia too. Performance measures by time billing targets can also negatively impact on lawyer health and well-being.   

Clients in the ‘people law’ areas are often put off from hiring a lawyer because of uncertainty around how much the services will cost. Clients dislike the uncertainty of services priced by the hourly rate and perceive them to be more expensive and worse value for money.  

Innovation in pricing can be an important enabler of innovation in other areas of law. Innovation is frequently prompted by a better understanding of a problem or experience from the end-user’s perspective. A lawyer who works more closely with their client to agree on value seeks a shared understanding of how the matter should operate, how risk should be shared and what the client really needs from their lawyer. Armed with this information, a lawyer can gauge how they can make their services better and more user-friendly for clients. Further, uncoupling pricing from time and billing by the hour helps lawyers to build more efficient and streamlined products, processes and business models with the assistance of technology.  

Innovative pricing models

Agreed pricing has been adopted by the legal profession as a major innovation in the pricing of services. We have provided guidance as to whether these practices are permissible under the Legal Profession Uniform Law 2014 (Uniform Law). Find out more about each pricing model on the links below. There is also a handy table to help you understand the benefits of agreed pricing compared to hourly rates. Find out more about agreed pricing.

Pricing models summary table

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Commissioner Update - May 2021

Commissioner update to the legal profession - May 2021. In this edition: New CPD year – what to consider | Protect your business from cybercrime | Workplace culture survey – early results

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Workplace culture survey

We are inviting all Victorian legal professionals to complete an optional short survey on their workplace culture.

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New CPD year – what to consider

The new continuing professional development (CPD) year commenced on 1 April and you should be starting to consider how you will meet your education and professional development needs.

Publication

Guidance for CPD providers on ethics education

A guide to embedding legal ethics education across the four mandatory CPD subject streams

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